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Internal Security One-Liners
Rapid-fire one-liners on India's internal security architecture, key laws, intelligence and investigation agencies, insurgencies and human-rights safeguards, for CAPF Paper I and the interview
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At a glance
SubjectInternal Security
RevisionInternal SecurityLawsAgenciesHuman RightsCAPFPaper 1Interview
One screen per section. Cover the right column and test yourself. This is the CAPF-distinctive sheet that the generic exam does not test. The architecture, laws and agencies below are durable; for the latest LWE-affected district count, force strengths and amendment status, verify the latest MHA Annual Report. The full treatment is in internal security architecture of india.
| Item |
Fact |
| Nodal ministry for internal security |
Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) |
| Police and public order |
A State subject under the Seventh Schedule (State List entries 1 and 2) |
| Defence and armed forces |
A Union subject (Union List) |
| National Security Council |
Apex advisory body on security; National Security Adviser heads the secretariat |
| Higher defence command |
Chiefs of Staff Committee; Chief of Defence Staff (post created 2019) |
| Multi-Agency Centre (MAC) |
Intelligence-sharing hub under the Intelligence Bureau |
| Agency |
Role |
| Intelligence Bureau (IB) |
Internal intelligence; oldest, under MHA |
| Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) |
External intelligence; under the Cabinet Secretariat |
| National Investigation Agency (NIA) |
Investigates terror offences; set up under the NIA Act, 2008 (after 26/11) |
| Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) |
Premier investigating agency; derives powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946 |
| Enforcement Directorate (ED) |
Economic offences, money laundering (PMLA) |
| National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) |
Networked database for counter-terror intelligence |
| NCB |
Narcotics Control Bureau; drug law enforcement |
| Law |
Purpose |
| Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (UAPA) |
Bans unlawful associations and terror activity; principal anti-terror law |
| Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) |
Special powers to armed forces in "disturbed areas" |
| National Security Act, 1980 (NSA) |
Preventive detention |
| Arms Act, 1959 |
Regulation of firearms |
| Disaster Management Act, 2005 |
Framework for disaster response; basis of the NDMA and NDRF |
| Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA) |
Tackles money laundering |
| Theatre |
Note |
| Left-Wing Extremism (Naxalism) |
The "red corridor"; affected districts have steadily declined (verify the latest) |
| Jammu and Kashmir |
Cross-border terrorism; Article 370 reorganised in 2019 |
| Northeast insurgency |
Multiple ethnic and separatist movements; many groups under ceasefire or accords |
| Coastal and maritime security |
Strengthened after 26/11; Sagar Prahari Bal, coastal radar chain |
| Safeguard |
Basis |
| Right to life and personal liberty |
Article 21 |
| Protection against arbitrary arrest |
Article 22 (grounds of arrest, legal counsel, production before a magistrate within 24 hours) |
| National Human Rights Commission |
Statutory body under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 |
| D K Basu guidelines |
Supreme Court directions on arrest and custodial conduct |
| International humanitarian law |
Geneva Conventions; India is a party |
| Minimum and proportionate force |
Standard for crowd control and operations |
| Event |
Year |
| Mumbai attacks (26/11) |
2008; led to the NIA and NSG regional hubs |
| Parliament attack |
2001 |
| NIA established |
2008 |
| Article 370 reorganisation of J&K |
2019 |
| Disaster Management Act and NDMA |
2005 |
| Question |
Answer |
| Which agency probes terror cases? |
NIA |
| Which is external intelligence? |
RAW |
| Which is internal intelligence? |
IB |
| Which Act gives special powers in disturbed areas? |
AFSPA, 1958 |
| Which body protects human rights statutorily? |
NHRC |
| Under which Schedule is police a State subject? |
Seventh Schedule (State List) |