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Five Year Plans Summary
A compact, tabular revision of India's Five Year Plans, their models, targets and outcomes, plus the shift to NITI Aayog, for CAPF Paper I economy
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At a glance
SubjectEconomy
RevisionEconomyPlanningFive Year PlansPaper 1
Cover the right column and recall the model and theme of each plan. CAPF tests plan numbering, the model used, and the famous successes and failures. The Planning Commission (set up 1950) ran the plans; NITI Aayog replaced it in 2015 and there are no further numbered Five Year Plans. For terms see important economic terms and last minute economy.
| Plan |
Period |
Model / focus |
Note |
| First |
1951-56 |
Harrod-Domar model; agriculture and irrigation |
Successful; based on post-partition recovery |
| Second |
1956-61 |
Mahalanobis model; heavy industry |
Public-sector steel plants; foundation of PSUs |
| Third |
1961-66 |
Self-reliant economy |
Failed; wars (1962, 1965) and droughts |
| Plan holiday |
1966-69 |
Three Annual Plans |
Devaluation of the rupee; Green Revolution begins |
| Fourth |
1969-74 |
Growth with stability and self-reliance |
Bank nationalisation (1969); strained by 1971 war |
| Fifth |
1974-79 |
Garibi Hatao (poverty removal) and employment |
Terminated early in 1978 |
| Rolling Plan |
1978-80 |
Annual rolling plan (Janata government) |
Replaced by a fresh plan |
| Sixth |
1980-85 |
Poverty alleviation and modernisation |
Return to Nehruvian planning |
| Seventh |
1985-90 |
Productivity, food, work, "Jai Vigyan" |
Growth in food output |
| Annual Plans |
1990-92 |
Two annual plans |
Political and balance-of-payments crisis |
| Eighth |
1992-97 |
Liberalisation; market reforms |
Followed the 1991 reforms (LPG) |
| Ninth |
1997-2002 |
Growth with social justice and equity |
|
| Tenth |
2002-07 |
Doubling per-capita income in a decade |
|
| Eleventh |
2007-12 |
Faster and more inclusive growth |
|
| Twelfth |
2012-17 |
Faster, sustainable, more inclusive growth |
Last Five Year Plan |
| Item |
Detail |
| Planning Commission |
Set up by a cabinet resolution in 1950; chaired by the Prime Minister |
| National Development Council (NDC) |
Approved the plans; Centre plus States |
| NITI Aayog |
National Institution for Transforming India; replaced the Planning Commission on 1 January 2015 |
| Current approach |
Strategy and vision documents, not numbered Five Year Plans |
| Fact |
Answer |
| Plan based on the Mahalanobis model |
Second (heavy industry) |
| Plan that failed due to wars and droughts |
Third |
| Plan with the "Garibi Hatao" theme |
Fifth |
| Plan after the 1991 reforms |
Eighth |
| Last Five Year Plan |
Twelfth (2012-17) |
| Body replacing the Planning Commission |
NITI Aayog (2015) |