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Polity PYQ Practice: Set 05

Authored CAPF-level polity MCQs (hard) on constitutional and statutory bodies, elections, amendments and local government, with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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At a glance

PaperPaper ISubjectPolity

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five questions on constitutional and statutory bodies, the electoral system, amendments and the basic-structure doctrine, and local government. Attempt closed-book, then check the key. For membership and tenure figures tied to recent law, verify the latest.

Questions

Q1The Election Commission of India is established under which Article?

AArticle 280
BArticle 315
CArticle 324
DArticle 338

Q2The Comptroller and Auditor General of India is appointed under Article 148 and audits the accounts of:

AThe Union only
BThe States only
CBoth the Union and the States
DPrivate companies only

Q3 (statement-based). Consider the following about the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC):

It is a constitutional body under Article 315.
Its members are appointed by the President.
Its report is submitted to the President, who lays it before Parliament. How many are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Q4The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is a constitutional body under:

AArticle 338
BArticle 338A
CArticle 338B
DArticle 340

Q5Match List I (Body) with List II (Status):

AElection Commission
BNITI Aayog
CNational Human Rights Commission
DFinance Commission

Constitutional body
Statutory body
Executive (non-statutory) body
Constitutional body (Article 280) Codes:

(a) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
(b) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
(c) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
(d) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

Q6The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) was set up under which law?

AThe Right to Information Act, 2005
BThe Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
CThe Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
DThe Representation of the People Act, 1951

Q7 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): The NHRC cannot directly punish a guilty official. Reason (R): The NHRC is a recommendatory body that can recommend prosecution or compensation but cannot itself impose binding penalties.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, R is false
(d) A is false, R is true

Q8Which Act primarily governs the conduct of elections to Parliament and the State Legislatures?

AThe Representation of the People Act, 1950 and 1951
BThe Government of India Act, 1935
CThe Citizenship Act, 1955
DThe Anti-Defection Act, 1985

Q9The disqualification of a member for defection is decided under the Tenth Schedule by:

AThe Election Commission
BThe President
CThe Presiding Officer of the House
DThe Supreme Court

Q10The basic structure doctrine was first enunciated in which case?

AShankari Prasad (1951)
BGolaknath (1967)
CKesavananda Bharati (1973)
DIndira Nehru Gandhi (1975)

Q11 (statement-based). Consider the following about the amendment procedure under Article 368:

Some provisions can be amended by a special majority of Parliament alone.
Some provisions also require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures.
The Preamble can never be amended. How many are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Q12Which of the following is NOT part of the basic structure as identified by the courts?

ASupremacy of the Constitution
BRule of law and judicial review
CFree and fair elections
DThe right to property as a Fundamental Right

Q13The 42nd Amendment, 1976, is often called the "Mini-Constitution" because:

AIt abolished the Rajya Sabha
BIt made numerous and far-reaching changes to many parts of the Constitution
CIt created a unicameral legislature
DIt removed the Preamble

Q14Match List I (Amendment) with List II (Subject):

A52nd Amendment
B61st Amendment
C73rd Amendment
D101st Amendment

Voting age reduced from 21 to 18
Anti-defection law
Goods and Services Tax
Panchayati Raj Codes:

(a) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
(b) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
(c) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
(d) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

Q15Reservation of seats for women in Panchayats and Municipalities under the 73rd and 74th Amendments is at least:

AOne-tenth
BOne-fourth
COne-third
DOne-half in all states

Q16The three-tier structure of Panchayati Raj (village, intermediate, district) is mandatory for states with a population above:

AFive lakh
BTen lakh
CTwenty lakh
DOne crore

Q17The Lokpal at the Union level was created by which law?

AThe Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
BThe Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
CThe Right to Information Act, 2005
DThe Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014

Q18 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): The Central Information Commission is a statutory body, not a constitutional one. Reason (R): It was established under the Right to Information Act, 2005, not by the Constitution.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, R is false
(d) A is false, R is true

Q19The State Election Commission for conducting Panchayat and Municipal elections is provided under:

AArticle 243K and 243ZA
BArticle 324
CArticle 280
DArticle 338

Q20The "Model Code of Conduct" during elections is:

AA constitutional provision
BA statutory rule under the Representation of the People Act
CA set of guidelines enforced by the Election Commission, evolved by consensus
DA judicial order

Q21 (statement-based). Consider the following about the Attorney General of India:

He is the highest law officer of the Union.
He has the right to speak and take part in the proceedings of both Houses but cannot vote.
He holds office during the pleasure of the President. How many are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Q22Which body recommends the principles governing the distribution of net tax proceeds between the Union and the States and is reconstituted every five years?

ANITI Aayog
BFinance Commission
CInter-State Council
DGST Council

Q23The 103rd Amendment, 2019, provided reservation for:

AScheduled Tribes in legislatures
BEconomically Weaker Sections (EWS) in education and public employment
CWomen in Parliament
DOther Backward Classes in promotions

Q24The 106th Amendment relates to:

AGoods and Services Tax
BReservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies
CAbolition of the Legislative Councils
DAnti-defection

Q25 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): Parliament cannot use its amending power to destroy the basic structure of the Constitution. Reason (R): In Kesavananda Bharati (1973) the Supreme Court held that Article 368 does not enable Parliament to alter the basic structure.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, R is false
(d) A is false, R is true

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions

Q	Answer
1	(c) Article 324
2	(c) Both the Union and the States
3	(c) All three
4	(a) Article 338
5	(a) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
6	(b) The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
7	(a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
8	(a) The Representation of the People Act, 1950 and 1951
9	(c) The Presiding Officer of the House
10	(c) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
11	(b) Only two
12	(d) Right to property as a Fundamental Right
13	(b) Far-reaching changes to many parts
14	(a) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
15	(c) One-third
16	(c) Twenty lakh
17	(a) The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
18	(a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
19	(a) Article 243K and 243ZA
20	(c) Guidelines enforced by the EC, evolved by consensus
21	(c) All three
22	(b) Finance Commission
23	(b) EWS in education and public employment
24	(b) Reservation for women in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies
25	(a) Both true, R is the correct explanation

Explanations

Q1. The Election Commission of India is a constitutional body under Article 324. See electoral system and reforms and constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q2. The CAG (Article 148) audits the accounts of both the Union and the States. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q3. All three are correct: the UPSC is a constitutional body under Article 315, members are appointed by the President, and its report is laid before Parliament. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q4. The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is under Article 338; the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is under Article 338A. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q5. Election Commission and Finance Commission are constitutional, NHRC is statutory, NITI Aayog is an executive body. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q6. The NHRC was set up under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. See human rights and internal security.
Q7. Both true and correctly linked: the NHRC is recommendatory, so it can recommend but not directly punish. See human rights and internal security.
Q8. The Representation of the People Acts of 1950 and 1951 govern electoral rolls and the conduct of elections respectively. See electoral system and reforms.
Q9. Under the Tenth Schedule the Presiding Officer (Speaker or Chairman) decides defection disqualifications, subject to judicial review. See anti defection and tenth schedule.
Q10. The basic structure doctrine was first laid down in Kesavananda Bharati (1973). See amendments and basic structure.
Q11. Statements 1 and 2 are correct; the Preamble can be amended (subject to the basic structure), so statement 3 is false. See amendments and basic structure.
Q12. The right to property is no longer a Fundamental Right and is not part of the basic structure; the other three are. See amendments and basic structure.
Q13. The 42nd Amendment made sweeping changes across many parts, earning the "Mini-Constitution" tag. See amendments and basic structure.
Q14. 52nd anti-defection, 61st voting age 18, 73rd Panchayati Raj, 101st GST. See amendments and basic structure.
Q15. At least one-third of seats are reserved for women in Panchayats and Municipalities. See local government.
Q16. The three-tier structure is mandatory for states with a population above twenty lakh. See local government.
Q17. The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, created the Lokpal at the Union level. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q18. Both true and correctly linked: the Central Information Commission is statutory because it was created by the RTI Act, 2005, not the Constitution. See rti and transparency laws.
Q19. State Election Commissions are provided under Articles 243K (Panchayats) and 243ZA (Municipalities). See local government and electoral system and reforms.
Q20. The Model Code of Conduct is a set of consensus-based guidelines enforced by the Election Commission, not a statute. See electoral system and reforms.
Q21. All three are correct for the Attorney General (Article 76). See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q22. The Finance Commission (Article 280), reconstituted every five years, recommends tax devolution. See constitutional and statutory bodies.
Q23. The 103rd Amendment, 2019, introduced 10 percent EWS reservation in education and public employment. See amendments and basic structure.
Q24. The 106th Amendment provides reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies (implementation phased; verify the latest). See amendments and basic structure.
Q25. Both true and correctly linked: Kesavananda Bharati held that Article 368 does not permit destruction of the basic structure. See amendments and basic structure.

Cross-references

Framework and honesty rule: 00 pipeline
Polity module index: Index
Previous set: set 04 · Next set: set 06

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