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Polity PYQ Practice: Set 02

Authored CAPF-level polity MCQs (foundational to moderate) on rights, duties and DPSP, with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectPolity

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five questions on Fundamental Rights (Part III), Directive Principles (Part IV) and Fundamental Duties (Part IVA), including the security and human-rights provisions of direct CAPF relevance. Attempt closed-book, then check the key.

Questions

Q1Fundamental Rights are contained in which Part of the Constitution?
  1. APart II
  2. BPart III
  3. CPart IV
  4. DPart IVA
Q2Which Article guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws?
  1. AArticle 13
  2. BArticle 14
  3. CArticle 15
  4. DArticle 16
Q3The Right against Exploitation (Articles 23 and 24) prohibits:
  1. ADiscrimination on grounds of religion
  2. BHuman trafficking, forced labour and child labour in hazardous work
  3. CUntouchability
  4. DPreventive detention

Q4 (statement-based). Consider the following about Article 21:

  1. It guarantees protection of life and personal liberty.
  2. In Maneka Gandhi (1978) the Court read "procedure established by law" to mean fair, just and reasonable procedure.
  3. The Right to Education under Article 21A was inserted by the 86th Amendment, 2002. How many are correct?
  • (a) Only one
  • (b) Only two
  • (c) All three
  • (d) None
Q5Which Article abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice?
  1. AArticle 15
  2. BArticle 16
  3. CArticle 17
  4. DArticle 18
Q6Which of the following is NOT one of the six freedoms guaranteed under Article 19?
  1. AFreedom of speech and expression
  2. BFreedom to assemble peaceably and without arms
  3. CFreedom to acquire and dispose of property
  4. DFreedom to form associations or unions

Q7 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): The Right to Property is no longer a Fundamental Right. Reason (R): The 44th Amendment, 1978, removed the Right to Property from Part III and made it a legal right under Article 300A.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q8Under which Article can Parliament restrict or abrogate the Fundamental Rights of members of the armed forces and forces charged with maintaining public order?
  1. AArticle 32
  2. BArticle 33
  3. CArticle 34
  4. DArticle 35
Q9Article 34 provides for:
  1. ARestriction of rights of the armed forces
  2. BIndemnity and restriction of rights when martial law is in force
  3. CPower of Parliament to make laws giving effect to Fundamental Rights
  4. DSuspension of Article 19 during emergency
Q10Match List I (Right) with List II (Articles):
  1. ARight to Equality
  2. BRight to Freedom
  3. CRight to Freedom of Religion
  4. DCultural and Educational Rights
  1. Articles 25 to 28
  2. Articles 14 to 18
  3. Articles 29 to 30
  4. Articles 19 to 22 Codes:
  • (a) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
  • (b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
  • (c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
  • (d) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
Q11The Directive Principles of State Policy are contained in:
  1. APart III, Articles 12 to 35
  2. BPart IV, Articles 36 to 51
  3. CPart IVA, Article 51A
  4. DPart V, Articles 52 to 78
Q12Which Directive Principle reflects a Gandhian ideal?
  1. AEqual pay for equal work
  2. BPromotion of cottage industries and organisation of village panchayats
  3. CUniform Civil Code
  4. DFree legal aid

Q13 (statement-based). Consider the following about Directive Principles:

  1. They are justiciable and enforceable by the courts.
  2. Article 39A directs the State to provide free legal aid.
  3. Article 44 directs the State to secure a Uniform Civil Code. How many are correct?
  • (a) Only one
  • (b) Only two
  • (c) All three
  • (d) None
Q14Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by which amendment, on the recommendation of which committee?
  1. A42nd Amendment, on the Swaran Singh Committee
  2. B44th Amendment, on the Sarkaria Commission
  3. C86th Amendment, on the Verma Committee
  4. D52nd Amendment, on the Santhanam Committee
Q15How many Fundamental Duties are currently listed under Article 51A?
  1. ATen
  2. BEleven
  3. CTwelve
  4. DEight
Q16Which Fundamental Duty was added by the 86th Amendment, 2002?
  1. ATo protect the environment
  2. BTo safeguard public property
  3. CTo provide opportunities for education to one's child between six and fourteen years
  4. DTo develop scientific temper

Q17 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): Directive Principles cannot be enforced by any court. Reason (R): Article 37 declares that the principles are fundamental in the governance of the country but shall not be enforceable by any court.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q18Which case held that a reasonable balance must be maintained between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, and that this balance is part of the basic structure?
  1. AGolaknath case
  2. BMinerva Mills case
  3. CChampakam Dorairajan case
  4. DBerubari case
Q19The Right to Constitutional Remedies under Article 32 allows the Supreme Court to issue how many types of writs?
  1. AThree
  2. BFour
  3. CFive
  4. DSix
Q20Match List I (Writ) with List II (Literal meaning or function):
  1. AHabeas Corpus
  2. BMandamus
  3. CProhibition
  4. DQuo Warranto
  1. We command (a public authority to do its duty)
  2. To have the body
  3. By what authority or warrant
  4. To forbid (a lower court from exceeding jurisdiction) Codes:
  • (a) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
  • (b) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
  • (c) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
  • (d) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
Q21Article 15(3) permits the State to make special provisions for:
  1. AReligious minorities only
  2. BWomen and children
  3. CIndustrial workers
  4. DGovernment employees

Q22 (statement-based). Consider the following about preventive detention under Article 22:

  1. A person detained under preventive detention need not always be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours.
  2. Advisory Boards review preventive detention beyond the prescribed period.
  3. Article 22 offers no protection at all to persons under preventive detention. How many are correct?
  • (a) Only one
  • (b) Only two
  • (c) All three
  • (d) None
Q23Which Article empowers Parliament to make laws prescribing punishment for those who practise untouchability and to give effect to certain rights?
  1. AArticle 17
  2. BArticle 33
  3. CArticle 35
  4. DArticle 23
Q24The doctrine that a law inconsistent with Fundamental Rights is void to the extent of inconsistency is found in:
  1. AArticle 12
  2. BArticle 13
  3. CArticle 31
  4. DArticle 32

Q25 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): During a National Emergency, the rights under Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended. Reason (R): The 44th Amendment, 1978, made Articles 20 and 21 non-suspendable even during an emergency.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (b) Part III
2 (b) Article 14
3 (b) Human trafficking, forced labour and child labour in hazardous work
4 (c) All three
5 (c) Article 17
6 (c) Freedom to acquire and dispose of property
7 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
8 (b) Article 33
9 (b) Indemnity and restriction of rights when martial law is in force
10 (a) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
11 (b) Part IV, Articles 36 to 51
12 (b) Promotion of cottage industries and village panchayats
13 (b) Only two
14 (a) 42nd Amendment, on the Swaran Singh Committee
15 (b) Eleven
16 (c) Education for one's child between six and fourteen years
17 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
18 (b) Minerva Mills case
19 (c) Five
20 (a) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
21 (b) Women and children
22 (b) Only two
23 (c) Article 35
24 (b) Article 13
25 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation

Explanations

  • Q1. Fundamental Rights are in Part III, Articles 12 to 35. See fundamental rights.
  • Q2. Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws. See fundamental rights.
  • Q3. Articles 23 and 24 (Right against Exploitation) ban traffic in human beings, forced labour and employment of children below 14 in hazardous work. See fundamental rights.
  • Q4. All three are correct: Article 21 protects life and liberty, Maneka Gandhi expanded due process, and Article 21A (86th Amendment, 2002) added the Right to Education. See fundamental rights.
  • Q5. Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form. See fundamental rights.
  • Q6. The right to property was deleted from Article 19; the six freedoms are speech, assembly, association, movement, residence and profession. See fundamental rights.
  • Q7. Both true and correctly linked: the 44th Amendment removed property from Part III and placed it under Article 300A as a legal (constitutional) right. See fundamental rights.
  • Q8. Article 33 lets Parliament restrict or abrogate Fundamental Rights of the armed forces and forces maintaining public order, of direct CAPF relevance. See fundamental rights and human rights and internal security.
  • Q9. Article 34 provides for restriction of rights and indemnity when martial law is in force in any area. See fundamental rights.
  • Q10. Equality (14 to 18), Freedom (19 to 22), Freedom of Religion (25 to 28), Cultural and Educational (29 to 30). See fundamental rights.
  • Q11. Directive Principles are in Part IV, Articles 36 to 51. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q12. Promotion of cottage industries (Article 43) and village panchayats (Article 40) reflect Gandhian principles. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q13. Statements 2 and 3 are correct; statement 1 is false because Directive Principles are non-justiciable. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q14. The 42nd Amendment, 1976, added Fundamental Duties on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q15. There are eleven Fundamental Duties; the eleventh was added by the 86th Amendment. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q16. The 86th Amendment added the duty of a parent or guardian to provide education to a child aged six to fourteen. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q17. Both true and correctly linked: Article 37 itself declares Directive Principles non-enforceable while fundamental in governance. See directive principles and fundamental duties.
  • Q18. Minerva Mills (1980) held that the harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles is part of the basic structure. See amendments and basic structure.
  • Q19. The Supreme Court can issue five writs: habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo warranto. See fundamental rights.
  • Q20. Habeas Corpus means "to have the body", Mandamus "we command", Prohibition "to forbid", Quo Warranto "by what authority". See fundamental rights.
  • Q21. Article 15(3) allows special provisions for women and children. See fundamental rights.
  • Q22. Statements 1 and 2 are correct; preventive detention is an exception to the 24-hour rule and Advisory Boards review it. Statement 3 is false; Article 22 still gives limited protections. See fundamental rights and human rights and internal security.
  • Q23. Article 35 empowers Parliament to legislate to give effect to certain rights, including prescribing punishment for untouchability. See fundamental rights.
  • Q24. Article 13 declares laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights void to the extent of the inconsistency. See fundamental rights.
  • Q25. Both true and correctly linked: the 44th Amendment made Articles 20 and 21 non-suspendable in any emergency. See citizenship and emergency provisions.

Cross-references

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