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General Science Practice Set 08

Authored CAPF-level general science MCQs (physics, chemistry, biology, defence and space) with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectGeneral Science

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five CAPF-level questions, with a few on space and defence technology relevant to the forces. Attempt closed-book, then check the key and explanations.

Questions

Q1Which of the following quantities is a vector?
  1. ASpeed
  2. BMass
  3. CVelocity
  4. DTemperature
Q2The chemical symbol for gold is:
  1. AGo
  2. BGd
  3. CAu
  4. DAg
Q3The basic unit of heredity is the:
  1. ACell
  2. BGene
  3. CTissue
  4. DOrgan
Q4The long-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile series developed by India is named:
  1. AAkash
  2. BAgni
  3. CNag
  4. DTrishul
Q5Night blindness is caused by the deficiency of:
  1. AVitamin A
  2. BVitamin B12
  3. CVitamin C
  4. DVitamin D
Q6The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately:
  1. A3 × 105 m/s
  2. B3 × 108 m/s
  3. C3 × 1010 m/s
  4. D3 × 103 m/s
Q7Which of the following is an acid found in citrus fruits such as lemons and oranges?
  1. AAcetic acid
  2. BCitric acid
  3. CLactic acid
  4. DTartaric acid
Q8Which organ filters waste from the blood and forms urine?
  1. ALiver
  2. BKidney
  3. CSpleen
  4. DHeart
Q9The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is headquartered in:
  1. ASriharikota
  2. BBengaluru
  3. CThiruvananthapuram
  4. DAhmedabad

Q10 (statement-based). Consider the following about states of matter:

  1. Solids have a fixed shape and fixed volume.
  2. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.
  3. Gases have neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume. Which are correct?
  • (a) 1 and 2 only
  • (b) 2 and 3 only
  • (c) 1 and 3 only
  • (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q11Rusting of iron is a chemical process that requires:
  1. AOxygen and moisture
  2. BOnly sunlight
  3. COnly heat
  4. DCarbon dioxide alone
Q12Sonar, used to detect submarines and underwater objects, works using:
  1. ALight waves
  2. BSound waves
  3. CRadio waves
  4. DX-rays
Q13The pressure exerted by the atmosphere is measured by a:
  1. AThermometer
  2. BBarometer
  3. CHygrometer
  4. DAmmeter
Q14Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
  1. AVein
  2. BArtery
  3. CCapillary
  4. DVenule
Q15Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
  1. AMelting of ice
  2. BBurning of paper
  3. CBoiling of water
  4. DBreaking of glass
Q16A lithium-ion battery stores energy in the form of:
  1. AMechanical energy
  2. BChemical energy
  3. CNuclear energy
  4. DLight energy
Q17The chemical name of common washing soda is:
  1. ASodium chloride
  2. BSodium carbonate
  3. CSodium bicarbonate
  4. DSodium hydroxide

Q18 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): A bulletproof vest can stop a bullet without the wearer being killed. Reason (R): The layered fibres spread the bullet's energy over a wide area and absorb it.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q19The launch vehicle used by ISRO to place heavy satellites in geostationary orbit is the:
  1. APSLV
  2. BGSLV
  3. CSLV-3
  4. DASLV
Q20Which colour of light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum?
  1. AViolet
  2. BBlue
  3. CGreen
  4. DRed
Q21Beriberi is caused by the deficiency of:
  1. AVitamin B1 (thiamine)
  2. BVitamin C
  3. CVitamin D
  4. DVitamin K
Q22Which gas is released during photosynthesis by green plants?
  1. ACarbon dioxide
  2. BOxygen
  3. CNitrogen
  4. DHydrogen
Q23Acid rain is caused mainly by the emission of:
  1. AOxygen and nitrogen
  2. BSulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
  3. CCarbon dioxide alone
  4. DHelium
Q24The scientist credited with the discovery of the law of gravitation is:
  1. AAlbert Einstein
  2. BIsaac Newton
  3. CGalileo
  4. DMichael Faraday
Q25A thermal-imaging camera helps border-guarding forces at night by detecting:
  1. ABody heat radiated by people and vehicles
  2. BSound made by intruders
  3. CMagnetic fields
  4. DSmell

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (c) Velocity
2 (c) Au
3 (b) Gene
4 (b) Agni
5 (a) Vitamin A
6 (b) 3 × 108 m/s
7 (b) Citric acid
8 (b) Kidney
9 (b) Bengaluru
10 (d) 1, 2 and 3
11 (a) Oxygen and moisture
12 (b) Sound waves
13 (b) Barometer
14 (b) Artery
15 (b) Burning of paper
16 (b) Chemical energy
17 (b) Sodium carbonate
18 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
19 (b) GSLV
20 (d) Red
21 (a) Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
22 (b) Oxygen
23 (b) Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
24 (b) Isaac Newton
25 (a) Body heat radiated by people and vehicles

Explanations

  • Q1. Velocity has both magnitude and direction, so it is a vector; speed, mass and temperature are scalars. See physics everyday.
  • Q2. The chemical symbol for gold is Au (from the Latin aurum); Ag is silver. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q3. The gene is the basic unit of heredity, a segment of DNA carrying instructions for a trait. See biotechnology and genetics.
  • Q4. Agni is India's family of medium-to-intercontinental-range surface-to-surface ballistic missiles. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q5. Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness (poor vision in dim light). See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q6. The speed of light in a vacuum is about 3 × 108 metres per second (more precisely 299,792 km/s). See physics everyday.
  • Q7. Citric acid gives citrus fruits their sour taste. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q8. The kidneys filter waste and excess water from the blood to form urine. See human body and systems.
  • Q9. ISRO is headquartered in Bengaluru; launches take place from Sriharikota. See space and defence technology.
  • Q10. All three statements correctly describe solids, liquids and gases. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q11. Rusting (formation of hydrated iron oxide) needs both oxygen and moisture. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q12. Sonar uses sound (ultrasonic) waves and times their echoes underwater, where radio and light travel poorly. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q13. A barometer measures atmospheric pressure. See physics everyday.
  • Q14. Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins return it. See human body and systems.
  • Q15. Burning of paper forms new substances and is a chemical change; the others are physical changes. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q16. A lithium-ion battery stores chemical energy and releases it as electrical energy on discharge. See physics everyday.
  • Q17. Washing soda is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O). See chemistry everyday.
  • Q18. Both true and correctly linked: the woven fibres catch and deform the bullet, spreading its kinetic energy over a large area so it does not penetrate. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q19. The GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) carries heavier satellites to geostationary transfer orbit. See space and defence technology.
  • Q20. Red light has the longest wavelength among visible colours; violet has the shortest. See physics everyday.
  • Q21. Beriberi results from a deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine). See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q22. Photosynthesis releases oxygen as a by-product. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q23. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides form sulphuric and nitric acids in rain, causing acid rain. See environment and ecology.
  • Q24. Isaac Newton formulated the universal law of gravitation. See physics everyday.
  • Q25. Thermal-imaging cameras sense infrared heat radiated by warm bodies and engines, allowing detection in darkness. See strategic and defence technology.

Cross-references

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