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General Science Practice Set 06

Authored CAPF-level general science MCQs (physics, chemistry, biology, defence and space) with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectGeneral Science

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five CAPF-level questions, with a few on space and defence technology relevant to the forces. Attempt closed-book, then check the key and explanations.

Questions

Q1The SI unit of electric current is the:
  1. AVolt
  2. BAmpere
  3. COhm
  4. DWatt
Q2Which of the following is an alkali metal?
  1. ACalcium
  2. BSodium
  3. CAluminium
  4. DIron
Q3The powerhouse of the cell is the:
  1. ARibosome
  2. BMitochondrion
  3. CGolgi body
  4. DLysosome
Q4The Indian ballistic missile defence interceptor designed to destroy incoming missiles at high altitude is the:
  1. ANag
  2. BAkash
  3. CPrithvi Air Defence (PAD)
  4. DPinaka
Q5Which of the following is a deficiency disease caused by lack of iodine?
  1. ARickets
  2. BGoitre
  3. CScurvy
  4. DBeriberi
Q6Sound cannot travel through:
  1. ASolids
  2. BLiquids
  3. CGases
  4. DVacuum
Q7The common name of sodium chloride is:
  1. ABaking soda
  2. BWashing soda
  3. CCommon salt
  4. DBleaching powder
Q8The exchange of gases in the human body takes place in the:
  1. ATrachea
  2. BBronchi
  3. CAlveoli
  4. DLarynx
Q9The series of Indian remote-sensing and earth-observation satellites is known as:
  1. AINSAT
  2. BIRS
  3. CGSAT
  4. DNavIC

Q10 (statement-based). Consider the following about the human skeletal system:

  1. The human adult has 206 bones.
  2. The femur is the longest bone in the body.
  3. The smallest bone is found in the ear. Which are correct?
  • (a) 1 and 2 only
  • (b) 2 and 3 only
  • (c) 1 and 3 only
  • (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q11Which gas is filled in electric bulbs to prevent the filament from burning?
  1. AOxygen
  2. BCarbon dioxide
  3. CInert gas (such as argon)
  4. DHydrogen
Q12Body armour plates that resist rifle rounds are often made from which lightweight ceramic?
  1. AGlass
  2. BBoron carbide
  3. CChalk
  4. DGypsum
Q13The unit used to measure the loudness or intensity level of sound is the:
  1. AHertz
  2. BDecibel
  3. CLumen
  4. DNewton
Q14Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
  1. AAB positive
  2. BO negative
  3. CA positive
  4. DB negative
Q15Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?
  1. AWood
  2. BPlastic
  3. CCopper
  4. DRubber
Q16The Global Positioning System (GPS) works using a constellation of:
  1. AWeather balloons
  2. BSatellites
  3. CSubmarines
  4. DRadio towers only
Q17Baking soda is chemically known as:
  1. ASodium chloride
  2. BSodium bicarbonate
  3. CCalcium carbonate
  4. DSodium hydroxide

Q18 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): A person in a freely falling lift feels weightless. Reason (R): In free fall, the lift and the person accelerate downward at the same rate, so there is no normal reaction force.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q19India's first indigenously developed aircraft carrier, commissioned in 2022, is named:
  1. AINS Viraat
  2. BINS Vikramaditya
  3. CINS Vikrant
  4. DINS Arihant
Q20Which of the following waves are used in microwave ovens to heat food?
  1. AGamma rays
  2. BMicrowaves
  3. CX-rays
  4. DUltraviolet rays
Q21The deficiency of vitamin D in children leads to:
  1. ANight blindness
  2. BRickets
  3. CScurvy
  4. DAnaemia
Q22Which acid is naturally present in the human stomach to aid digestion?
  1. ASulphuric acid
  2. BHydrochloric acid
  3. CNitric acid
  4. DCarbonic acid
Q23Which one of the following is a renewable source of energy?
  1. ACoal
  2. BPetroleum
  3. CSolar energy
  4. DNatural gas
Q24The scientist who discovered penicillin was:
  1. ALouis Pasteur
  2. BAlexander Fleming
  3. CRobert Koch
  4. DEdward Jenner
Q25Encrypted radio communication used by security forces protects messages mainly by:
  1. AMaking them louder
  2. BScrambling the signal so only authorised receivers can read it
  3. CSlowing the speed of sound
  4. DRemoving all background noise

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (b) Ampere
2 (b) Sodium
3 (b) Mitochondrion
4 (c) Prithvi Air Defence (PAD)
5 (b) Goitre
6 (d) Vacuum
7 (c) Common salt
8 (c) Alveoli
9 (b) IRS
10 (d) 1, 2 and 3
11 (c) Inert gas (such as argon)
12 (b) Boron carbide
13 (b) Decibel
14 (b) O negative
15 (c) Copper
16 (b) Satellites
17 (b) Sodium bicarbonate
18 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
19 (c) INS Vikrant
20 (b) Microwaves
21 (b) Rickets
22 (b) Hydrochloric acid
23 (c) Solar energy
24 (b) Alexander Fleming
25 (b) Scrambling the signal so only authorised receivers can read it

Explanations

  • Q1. The ampere is the SI unit of electric current. See physics everyday.
  • Q2. Sodium is an alkali metal in Group 1 of the periodic table. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q3. Mitochondria produce most of the cell's energy (ATP), hence the name powerhouse of the cell. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q4. The Prithvi Air Defence interceptor is part of India's ballistic missile defence programme for high-altitude (exo-atmospheric) interception. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q5. Iodine deficiency impairs the thyroid gland and causes goitre. See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q6. Sound needs a material medium and cannot travel through a vacuum. See physics everyday.
  • Q7. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is common table salt. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q8. Gas exchange occurs across the thin walls of the alveoli in the lungs. See human body and systems.
  • Q9. The IRS (Indian Remote Sensing) series provides earth-observation data; INSAT and GSAT are communication satellites and NavIC is for navigation. See space and defence technology.
  • Q10. All three are correct: 206 bones in an adult, the femur is longest, and the stapes in the ear is the smallest bone. See human body and systems.
  • Q11. Bulbs are filled with an inert gas such as argon to slow filament oxidation and evaporation. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q12. Boron carbide is a hard, lightweight ceramic used in rifle-resistant body-armour plates. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q13. The decibel (dB) measures sound intensity level; the hertz measures frequency. See physics everyday.
  • Q14. O negative red cells lack A, B and Rh antigens, so the group is the universal donor for red-cell transfusion. See human body and systems.
  • Q15. Copper is a good conductor; wood, plastic and rubber are insulators. See physics everyday.
  • Q16. GPS relies on a constellation of satellites whose signals receivers use to compute position. See space and defence technology.
  • Q17. Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). See chemistry everyday.
  • Q18. Both true and correctly linked: in free fall the supporting surface accelerates with the body, the normal reaction vanishes and the person feels weightless. See physics everyday.
  • Q19. INS Vikrant, commissioned in 2022, is India's first indigenously built aircraft carrier. See strategic and defence technology.
  • Q20. Microwave ovens use microwaves that make water molecules in food vibrate and heat up. See physics everyday.
  • Q21. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets (soft, deformed bones) in children. See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q22. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid, which activates digestive enzymes and kills microbes. See human body and systems.
  • Q23. Solar energy is renewable; coal, petroleum and natural gas are fossil fuels. See environment and ecology.
  • Q24. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. See diseases and public health.
  • Q25. Encryption scrambles the radio signal so that only receivers with the correct key can decode it, protecting operational security. See information technology and computing.

Cross-references

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