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General Science Practice Set 04

Authored CAPF-level general science MCQs (physics, chemistry, biology) with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectGeneral Science

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five CAPF-level questions across everyday physics, chemistry, and biology. Attempt closed-book, then check the key and explanations.

Questions

Q1The unit of power is the:
  1. AJoule
  2. BWatt
  3. CNewton
  4. DPascal
Q2Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that also depletes ozone?
  1. AOxygen
  2. BNitrous oxide
  3. CHydrogen
  4. DHelium
Q3Insulin is secreted by which gland?
  1. AThyroid
  2. BPancreas
  3. CAdrenal
  4. DPituitary
Q4The mirror used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles is a:
  1. APlane mirror
  2. BConcave mirror
  3. CConvex mirror
  4. DCylindrical mirror
Q5Baking soda is chemically:
  1. ASodium carbonate
  2. BSodium bicarbonate
  3. CCalcium carbonate
  4. DSodium hydroxide
Q6The process of cell division that produces gametes is:
  1. AMitosis
  2. BMeiosis
  3. CBinary fission
  4. DBudding
Q7Which colour of light has the longest wavelength?
  1. AViolet
  2. BGreen
  3. CBlue
  4. DRed
Q8The deficiency of which substance leads to dental caries (tooth decay) prevention concerns, and is often added to drinking water and toothpaste?
  1. AIodine
  2. BFluoride
  3. CChlorine
  4. DIron
Q9Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
  1. AVenus
  2. BMars
  3. CJupiter
  4. DSaturn

Q10 (statement-based). Consider the following about the human heart:

  1. The human heart has four chambers.
  2. The right side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood.
  3. Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Which are correct?
  • (a) 1 and 2 only
  • (b) 2 and 3 only
  • (c) 1 and 3 only
  • (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q11The SI unit of energy is the:
  1. AWatt
  2. BJoule
  3. CNewton
  4. DHertz
Q12Which of the following gases is used in welding to provide a very high flame temperature when burnt with oxygen?
  1. AMethane
  2. BAcetylene
  3. CPropane
  4. DButane
Q13The smallest unit of life capable of independent existence is the:
  1. AAtom
  2. BMolecule
  3. CCell
  4. DTissue
Q14Optical fibres work on the principle of:
  1. AReflection
  2. BTotal internal reflection
  3. CDiffraction
  4. DPolarisation
Q15Which acid is secreted by the stomach lining to digest proteins?
  1. ANitric acid
  2. BHydrochloric acid
  3. CSulphuric acid
  4. DCarbonic acid
Q16Rickets, a bone disease in children, is caused by the deficiency of:
  1. AVitamin A
  2. BVitamin C
  3. CVitamin D
  4. DVitamin B12
Q17Which metal is the most abundant in the Earth's crust?
  1. AIron
  2. BAluminium
  3. CCopper
  4. DCalcium

Q18 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): A pressure cooker cooks food faster. Reason (R): Increased pressure raises the boiling point of water, so food cooks at a higher temperature.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q19The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs in tiny air sacs called:
  1. ABronchi
  2. BAlveoli
  3. CTrachea
  4. DLarynx
Q20Which of the following is a good electrical insulator?
  1. ACopper
  2. BSilver
  3. CRubber
  4. DAluminium
Q21Quicklime is chemically:
  1. ACalcium carbonate
  2. BCalcium oxide
  3. CCalcium hydroxide
  4. DCalcium chloride
Q22The phenomenon responsible for the twinkling of stars is:
  1. AReflection
  2. BDispersion
  3. CAtmospheric refraction
  4. DTotal internal reflection
Q23Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infection?
  1. ARed blood cells
  2. BWhite blood cells
  3. CPlatelets
  4. DPlasma
Q24Soap removes dirt and grease because soap molecules have:
  1. AOnly water-loving ends
  2. BOnly oil-loving ends
  3. CBoth water-loving and oil-loving ends
  4. DNo charge at all
Q25Which of the following is the correct order of planets outward from the Sun starting with the closest?
  1. AMercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
  2. BVenus, Mercury, Earth, Mars
  3. CMercury, Earth, Venus, Mars
  4. DEarth, Mercury, Venus, Mars

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (b) Watt
2 (b) Nitrous oxide
3 (b) Pancreas
4 (c) Convex mirror
5 (b) Sodium bicarbonate
6 (b) Meiosis
7 (d) Red
8 (b) Fluoride
9 (b) Mars
10 (d) 1, 2 and 3
11 (b) Joule
12 (b) Acetylene
13 (c) Cell
14 (b) Total internal reflection
15 (b) Hydrochloric acid
16 (c) Vitamin D
17 (b) Aluminium
18 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
19 (b) Alveoli
20 (c) Rubber
21 (b) Calcium oxide
22 (c) Atmospheric refraction
23 (b) White blood cells
24 (c) Both water-loving and oil-loving ends
25 (a) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

Explanations

  • Q1. The watt is the SI unit of power (one joule per second). See physics everyday.
  • Q2. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is both a potent greenhouse gas and an ozone-depleting substance. See environment and ecology.
  • Q3. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. See human body and systems.
  • Q4. A convex mirror gives an upright, diminished image and a wide field of view, ideal as a rear-view mirror. See physics everyday.
  • Q5. Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3; sodium carbonate is washing soda. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q6. Meiosis halves the chromosome number to form gametes (sex cells). See biotechnology and genetics.
  • Q7. In the visible spectrum, red has the longest wavelength and violet the shortest. See physics everyday.
  • Q8. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and is added in small amounts to drinking water and toothpaste; excess causes fluorosis. See diseases and public health.
  • Q9. Mars appears reddish because of iron oxide on its surface. See space and defence technology.
  • Q10. All three are correct: the heart has four chambers, the right side handles deoxygenated blood, and arteries carry blood away from the heart. See human body and systems.
  • Q11. The joule is the SI unit of energy. See physics everyday.
  • Q12. Acetylene burnt with oxygen (oxy-acetylene flame) reaches about 3000° Celsius, used for welding and cutting metal. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q13. The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of life. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q14. Optical fibres guide light by repeated total internal reflection along the fibre core. See physics everyday.
  • Q15. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid, which activates pepsin for protein digestion. See human body and systems.
  • Q16. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children (soft, deformed bones). See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q17. Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust; oxygen and silicon are the most abundant elements overall. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q18. Both true and correctly linked: higher pressure raises water's boiling point, so food cooks faster at a higher temperature. See physics everyday.
  • Q19. Gas exchange happens across the thin walls of the alveoli in the lungs. See human body and systems.
  • Q20. Rubber is an insulator; copper, silver and aluminium are conductors. See physics everyday.
  • Q21. Quicklime is calcium oxide (CaO); slaked lime is calcium hydroxide. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q22. Stars twinkle because their light bends through atmospheric layers of changing density (atmospheric refraction). See physics everyday.
  • Q23. White blood cells (leucocytes) defend the body against infection. See human body and systems.
  • Q24. Soap molecules have a water-loving (hydrophilic) head and an oil-loving (hydrophobic) tail, letting them lift grease into water. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q25. The correct order from the Sun is Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. See space and defence technology.

Cross-references

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