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General Science Practice Set 02

Authored CAPF-level general science MCQs (physics, chemistry, biology) with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectGeneral Science

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five CAPF-level questions across everyday physics, chemistry, and biology. Attempt closed-book, then check the key and explanations.

Questions

Q1Which scientist proposed the three laws of motion?
  1. AAlbert Einstein
  2. BIsaac Newton
  3. CGalileo Galilei
  4. DNiels Bohr
Q2The chemical symbol for the element sodium is:
  1. ASo
  2. BSd
  3. CNa
  4. DS
Q3Which gas is released during the process of respiration in humans?
  1. AOxygen
  2. BCarbon dioxide
  3. CNitrogen
  4. DHydrogen
Q4The boiling point of pure water at sea level is:
  1. A0° Celsius
  2. B50° Celsius
  3. C100° Celsius
  4. D212° Celsius
Q5Which vitamin is synthesised by the human skin in the presence of sunlight?
  1. AVitamin A
  2. BVitamin C
  3. CVitamin D
  4. DVitamin K
Q6The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is the:
  1. AThermometer
  2. BBarometer
  3. CHygrometer
  4. DAmmeter
Q7Which of the following is the lightest gas?
  1. AHelium
  2. BHydrogen
  3. COxygen
  4. DNitrogen
Q8The powerhouse of the cell is the:
  1. ANucleus
  2. BRibosome
  3. CMitochondrion
  4. DGolgi body
Q9Which metal is liquid at room temperature?
  1. ASodium
  2. BMercury
  3. CLead
  4. DAluminium
Q10Sound travels fastest in:
  1. AVacuum
  2. BAir
  3. CWater
  4. DSteel
Q11The deficiency of which mineral causes goitre?
  1. AIron
  2. BIodine
  3. CCalcium
  4. DZinc

Q12 (statement-based). Consider the following about acids and bases:

  1. Acids turn blue litmus red.
  2. Bases turn red litmus blue.
  3. A neutral solution has a pH of 7. Which are correct?
  • (a) 1 and 2 only
  • (b) 2 and 3 only
  • (c) 1 and 3 only
  • (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q13Which of the following is a non-metal that conducts electricity?
  1. ASulphur
  2. BGraphite (carbon)
  3. CPhosphorus
  4. DIodine
Q14The energy possessed by a body due to its motion is called:
  1. APotential energy
  2. BKinetic energy
  3. CChemical energy
  4. DNuclear energy
Q15Which disease is caused by a bacterium and affects the lungs?
  1. AMalaria
  2. BTuberculosis
  3. CDengue
  4. DInfluenza
Q16The most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere is:
  1. AOxygen
  2. BCarbon dioxide
  3. CNitrogen
  4. DArgon
Q17A convex lens is also called a:
  1. ADiverging lens
  2. BConverging lens
  3. CPlane mirror
  4. DConcave mirror

Q18 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): A person feels weightless in a freely falling lift. Reason (R): During free fall, both the person and the lift accelerate downward at the same rate.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q19Which part of the plant carries out photosynthesis?
  1. ARoot
  2. BStem
  3. CLeaf
  4. DFlower
Q20The hardness of water is mainly caused by salts of:
  1. ASodium and potassium
  2. BCalcium and magnesium
  3. CIron and copper
  4. DLead and zinc
Q21Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the law of gravitation?
  1. AIsaac Newton
  2. BMichael Faraday
  3. CJames Watt
  4. DCharles Darwin
Q22The gas used in refrigerators and air conditioners that depletes the ozone layer is a:
  1. AHydrocarbon
  2. BChlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
  3. CCarbon monoxide
  4. DSulphur dioxide
Q23The total number of chromosomes in a normal human cell is:
  1. A23
  2. B44
  3. C46
  4. D48
Q24Which of the following is used as an antiseptic?
  1. ASodium chloride
  2. BTincture of iodine
  3. CSugar solution
  4. DDistilled water
Q25Lightning is produced due to:
  1. ASound vibration
  2. BElectric discharge between charged clouds
  3. CBurning of gases
  4. DFriction with rain

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (b) Isaac Newton
2 (c) Na
3 (b) Carbon dioxide
4 (c) 100° Celsius
5 (c) Vitamin D
6 (b) Barometer
7 (b) Hydrogen
8 (c) Mitochondrion
9 (b) Mercury
10 (d) Steel
11 (b) Iodine
12 (d) 1, 2 and 3
13 (b) Graphite (carbon)
14 (b) Kinetic energy
15 (b) Tuberculosis
16 (c) Nitrogen
17 (b) Converging lens
18 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
19 (c) Leaf
20 (b) Calcium and magnesium
21 (a) Isaac Newton
22 (b) Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
23 (c) 46
24 (b) Tincture of iodine
25 (b) Electric discharge between charged clouds

Explanations

  • Q1. Isaac Newton stated the three laws of motion in his Principia (1687). See physics everyday.
  • Q2. Sodium has the symbol Na, from the Latin natrium. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q3. Cellular respiration consumes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. See human body and systems.
  • Q4. Pure water boils at 100° Celsius at standard sea-level pressure (212° Fahrenheit is the same temperature on another scale). See physics everyday.
  • Q5. Skin synthesises vitamin D when exposed to ultraviolet sunlight. See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q6. A barometer measures atmospheric pressure; the mercury barometer was devised by Torricelli. See physics everyday.
  • Q7. Hydrogen is the lightest of all gases and the lightest element. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q8. Mitochondria release energy as ATP and are called the powerhouse of the cell. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q9. Mercury is the only common metal that is liquid at ordinary room temperature. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q10. Sound travels fastest in solids such as steel because particles are tightly packed; it cannot travel in a vacuum. See physics everyday.
  • Q11. Iodine deficiency enlarges the thyroid gland, causing goitre. See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q12. All three are correct: acids turn blue litmus red, bases turn red litmus blue, and a neutral solution has pH 7. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q13. Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, conducts electricity because of its free, delocalised electrons; most non-metals do not. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q14. Kinetic energy is the energy of a body due to its motion. See physics everyday.
  • Q15. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mainly affects the lungs. See diseases and public health.
  • Q16. Nitrogen makes up about 78 percent of the atmosphere, oxygen about 21 percent. See environment and ecology.
  • Q17. A convex lens converges parallel rays to a focus, so it is a converging lens. See physics everyday.
  • Q18. Both true and correctly linked: in free fall the person and lift have the same downward acceleration g, so the floor exerts no normal force and the person feels weightless. See physics everyday.
  • Q19. The leaf, rich in chlorophyll, is the main site of photosynthesis. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q20. Hardness of water is due mainly to dissolved calcium and magnesium salts. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q21. Newton formulated the universal law of gravitation. See physics everyday.
  • Q22. Chlorofluorocarbons release chlorine that destroys stratospheric ozone; they are phased out under the Montreal Protocol. See environment and ecology.
  • Q23. A normal human cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). See biotechnology and genetics.
  • Q24. Tincture of iodine is an antiseptic applied to wounds. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q25. Lightning is a massive electric discharge between oppositely charged regions of clouds or between cloud and ground. See physics everyday.

Cross-references

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