Concepts

Civil Disobedience Movement

CAPF wiki1 min read6 sections
At a glance
SubjectHistory

Definition

The mass movement led by Mahatma Gandhi from 1930, based on the active and deliberate breaking of specific British laws, beginning with the salt law.

Key points

  • Launched with the Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha), 12 March to 6 April 1930, from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, where Gandhi made salt to break the salt monopoly.
  • Followed the Lahore Congress (1929), which adopted the Purna Swaraj (complete independence) resolution; 26 January 1930 was observed as the first Independence Day.
  • Methods went beyond non-cooperation: breaking salt laws, non-payment of taxes, boycott of foreign cloth and liquor, and defiance of forest laws.
  • Suspended after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 1931), under which Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference; resumed in 1932 after it failed, then ended by 1934.
  • The Communal Award (1932) and Poona Pact (1932, on separate electorates for Depressed Classes) fall in this period.

Why it matters for CAPF

Dandi March dates and route, the Purna Swaraj resolution, the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, and the Round Table Conferences are recurring freedom-struggle facts.

Common confusion

Civil Disobedience (1930, breaking laws, salt satyagraha) versus Non-Cooperation (1920, withdrawal and boycott); the Dandi March was to Dandi, not Dharasana.

One-line recall

Gandhi's 1930 movement of actively breaking laws, begun by the Dandi salt march from Sabarmati.

Parent note

gandhian era and mass movements

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